This study investigates the impact of government measures in combating human trafficking and enhancing human security in the Seme-Idiroko border communities, Nigeria. The primary aim is to assess the effectiveness of border patrols, victim rehabilitation programs, and awareness campaigns in mitigating trafficking while identifying systemic challenges such as corruption, porous borders, and bribery at checkpoints. The study adopts a mixed-methods approach, utilizing both quantitative data from structured questionnaires and qualitative insights from open-ended questions. The theoretical frameworks of Rational Choice Theory and Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological System Theory were applied to understand traffickers' decision-making processes and the broader socio-economic factors contributing to trafficking. The findings reveal that while government interventions significantly improve human security, their impact is constrained by institutional weaknesses and environmental vulnerabilities. Key challenges identified include ineffective enforcement, corruption, and socio-economic instability. The study concludes that a multi-faceted approach, combining enhanced border security, anti-corruption measures, and community engagement, is essential to combat trafficking effectively. The study recommends strengthening inter-agency coordination, promoting economic empowerment programs, and addressing systemic vulnerabilities to improve human security in the region.